RESUME UNIT 3
Organizational Elements
A
company’s enterprise structure is mapped to SAP applications using
organizational elements.
Master Data
Created
centrally and available to all applications and all authorized users, master
data also has an organizational aspect because its information is organized
into views that are assigned to organizational elements.
Transaction
Transactions
are application programs that execute business processes in the SAP system.
Examples include create sales order, change customer master, or display a sales
order’s list report.
Business Example
Processes
within a company generally take place across departmental boundaries. In global
companies, these processes take place across national and company boundaries.
The long-term success of IDES AG, is dependent on collaboration with business
partners and a global outlook.
Organizational Elemets
Client
The
client is the highest-level element of all organizational elements; it
represents the enterprise/headquarters group.
Company Code
The
company code is a legal independent accounting unit responding unit
representative the central organizational element of financial accounting. The
company code also represents the tax law (national), the fiscal calendar, the
local company, and the tax responding requirements.
Plant
A
plant can manufacture product, distribute product, or provide a service ; it is
the central organizational unit of production.
Storage Location
Material
stocks in Inventory Management can be differentiated within one plant according
to storage location.
Sales organizational
The
sales organizational is the central organizational element in sales order
management that controls the terms of sale to the customer.
Distribution Channel
Distribution
Channels can be used to define how different products reach consumers, for
example, wholesale.
Organizational Unit
Organizational
units describe the various business units that exist in an enterprise. Often
units are loosely defined as functional or regional departments.
Position
Positions
are the individual employee assignments in the enterprise.
IDES
IDES (International Demonstration
and Educational System) is an international company dependent upon
collaboration with external business partners and a global outlook.
IDES AG is a manufacturing
company. It operates worldwide and has a number of subsidiaries. This company’s
processes are using during this training course to demonstrate the solutions
provide by SAP.
As model company, IDES has a large
number of business branch spesific subsidiaries. Business processes are fully
set up and include all core areas, such as purchasing, sales, marketing, and
manufacturing.
System-Wide
Master Data Concepts
In SAP, master data is created
centrally and available to all applications and all authorized users. Centrally
stored master data means data records users. Centrally store master data means
data records are always consistent, up-to-date, and free of redundancy. Master
data also has an organizational aspect because its information is organized
into views that are assigned to organizational elements. The three-part
structure of master records makes it possible to flexibly depict the various
organizational structures of an operation.
Customer master
A
master contains key information that defines the business relationship between
a company and its customer. Company code data controls the posting procedure
and subsequent processing, such as payments and dunning. Sales organization
data provides information on customers for support execution such as business
processes as entering sales order,
shipping, billing, and processing payment. The customer master’s “three-part
structure” is represent by:
1. General Data: This data is equally
relevant to every company code and every sales organization within a company
2. Data for Company Codes: This data
reflects company-spesific agreements with the customer.
3. Data for Sales: This data has different
characteristics for a company’s sales organizations and channels.
The layout of customer master
records also leaves room for special requirements.
Material Master
The material master contains all
of the key information a company needs to manage a material within its
organization. The material master defines, among other things, how a product is
sold, manufactured, purchased, inventoried, accounted, and costed. the
information in the material master is grouped into views that are organized by
business function.
Personnel File
Personnel files are master data
records used primarily mySAP ERP Human Capital Management. These master records
follow the same basic three-part structure, as do other master records.
The organizational elements used
by mySAP HCM are unique and , as a group, they are referred to as
Organizational Management.
The function of Organizational
Management enable you to quickly and efficiently map your current
organizational and reporting structure with its organizational
objects-organizational units, jobs, positions and tasks.
Organizational Units describe the various business units that exist
in your enterprise. Multiple organizational units and their relationships form
the organizational structure. Organizational units can be loosely defined as
functional or regional departments, or as project groups, depending on the type
of organization.
Jobs
Jobs serve as descriptions, or
templates, that apply to several positions with similar requirements, tasks, or
other characteristics.
Positions
Positions are the individual
employee assignments in the enterprise. Persons occupy positions. A position inherits
a job’s characteristics, but you can also defin additional characteristics
specific to that position.
Whereas positions are concentrate
and can be occupied by holders (for example, administrative assistant in the
marketing department), jobs are general classifications of function in an
organization (for example, administrative assistant), that are defined by the
characteristics assigned to them. Job descriptions apply to several positions
with similar characteristic.
Persons
Persons hold positions within the
organizational structure. Persons represent employees in your company.
Transactions
Transactions are application
programs that excuse business processes in the SAP system. Whenever possible,
master data is copied during transaction processing, thus avoiding re-entry of
data. For example, when executing the transaction Create Sales Order, the user
must enter the customer master number; this copy is in all of the relevant
customer information. Likewise, once the material master numbers are entered
for the items being ordered. The relevant material data will be copied into the
sales order.
In addition, when performing each
transaction, applicable organizational elements must be entered. For example,
by specifying the sales organization information, the appropriate sales group
is given credit for the sales activity; similarly, the designation of the
plant/storage location determines product sourcing.
Whenever a transaction is excused
in the system, a document is created. That document, a data record of the
transaction, contains all the relevant predefined information from the master
data and organizational elements.
